Wednesday, July 31, 2019

How economically smart war is Essay

War has been a part of the lives of people since history began. People have battled over different things, ranging from roaming rounds in prehistoric times to control of the world in present day. This essay will analyze how economically smart war is, specifically World War I, from the view of the United States of America. The US entered World War I in 1917; however, we entered the economic war long before that. The US had been supplying Europe with weapons, bullets, and other equipment into the war. The term mobilizing is used in warfare, but our economy was getting a boost without the US sending any soldiers out of the country. These products were inelastic, meaning that the consumers of the goods were unresponsive in change in price. For the US, this meant that they could set prices at extreme prices and the countries that could not make these goods themselves or get from another source had to buy the goods at these extreme prices. This created an economic boom for 44 months from 1914-1918. This also eased the process of the US joining the war. It was not as economically straining to mobilize for war because some facilities that would be used for the war were already functioning close to the production possibilities curve. This means that the facilities were functioning at maximum efficiency. During this time period, the unemployment rate went from 7.9% to 1.4%, showing that as soldiers left to go overseas, jobs opened up on the home front. However, the war had to be paid for somehow, and this somehow came on the form of taxes and bonds. Takes were raised from anywhere from 20%- 60%. War bonds were bought by citizens and were promised to be repaid with interest after the war. However this also would lead to the downfall in the Great Depression, as the government would have no money left to pay the population back with. In my opinion, war has a greater value than the debts it creates. It is about â€Å"flexing your military muscles† to make sure order is kept in the world. Some of the things that soldier’s lives are lost for are found many years later in the forms of our rights and freedoms and do not have a value that can be expressed in dollars and cents. Because these do not have prices, it is a personal opinion weather a war is economically worth the risk. However, I feel that it is worth being able to live the life that I have now than suffer under laws enforce upon our country by the would-be conquers of my homeland.

Tuesday, July 30, 2019

Succubus Blues CHAPTER 20

â€Å"My apologies for the abrupt transport,† Carter continued. â€Å"Jerome started freaking out that I'd left you alone for so long.† â€Å"I've never ‘freaked out' in my life – er, existence, er whatever,† mused Jerome, strolling into the room. Studying him, I could believe his words. Dressed immaculately as ever, he held a martini in one hand and looked utterly at ease amid the disarray. â€Å"Nice place,† I told him, still aghast at the damage done to such beauty. â€Å"Fixer-upper?† The demon's eyes flashed with amusement at my joke. â€Å"I do so love having you around, Georgie.† He sipped his drink. â€Å"Yes, it is a little rough around the edges right now, but no worries. It'll clean up. Besides, I have other domiciles.† Jerome had always been very tight-lipped about where he lived, and I suspected it was only Carter's intervention that allowed us to even remain here right now. The demon would have never invited us. Walking over to a large bay window, I beheld a magnificent view of Lake Washington, the Seattle skyline glittering beyond it. Based on the angle of my view, I would have wagered money we were in Medina, one of the more elite Eastside suburbs. Only the best for Jerome. â€Å"So what happened?† I finally asked when it became apparent no one else intended to broach the subject. â€Å"Was this a nephilim attack, or did you just throw a party that got out of hand? Because honestly, if it's the last one, I'm going to be really pissed we weren't invited.† â€Å"No such fears,† Carter told me, smiling. â€Å"Our friend the nephilim did a little redecorating, kindly flashing us when it was over. That's why I abandoned you at Erik's. I would have given you some warning, but when I felt it over here†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He looked meaningfully at Jerome. The demon scoffed in response. â€Å"You what? Thought I was in danger? You know that's not possible.† Carter made a nondescript noise of disagreement. â€Å"Yeah? What do you call that?† He inclined his head toward the spray-painted symbol. â€Å"Graffiti,† responded Jerome disinterestedly. â€Å"It means nothing.† I walked away from the breathtaking window and its pricey view, looking the symbol up and down. I'd never seen anything like it, and I was familiar with a lot of characters and markings from all types of places and times. â€Å"It must mean something,† I countered. â€Å"Seems like a lot of trouble for nothing. Otherwise, he could have just written ‘you suck' or something like that.† â€Å"Maybe that's in one of the other rooms,† suggested Cody. â€Å"A punch line worthy of Georgie. You're learning more than dancing.† Ignoring the demon's attempt to change the subject, I turned to Carter for answers. â€Å"What is it? You must know what it means.† The angel studied me speculatively a moment, and I realized I'd never appealed to him before for serious help. Until our recent roommate stint, most of our interactions had been downright antagonistic. â€Å"It's a warning,† he said slowly, not looking at his demonic counterpart. â€Å"A warning of impending disaster. The real phase of a battle about to begin.† Jerome's finely suppressed control snapped. He slammed the glass down on an off-kilter table, face flushing. â€Å"Christ, Carter! Are you insane?† â€Å"It doesn't matter, and you know it. Everything's going to come out anyway.† â€Å"No,† hissed the demon icily, â€Å"not everything.† â€Å"Then you tell them.† Carter made a grandiose gesture toward the symbol. â€Å"You explain and make sure I don't say too much.† Jerome glared at him, and they locked eyes in their usual way. I'd seen it happen countless times, but upon reflection, I felt pretty sure I'd never actually seen them at such odds with each other before. â€Å"It might have meant those things at one time,† Jerome admitted at last, exhaling in an effort to calm himself. â€Å"But not anymore. As I said, it's meaningless now. An archaic scrawl. A charm which, without anyone to believe in it anymore, holds no power.† â€Å"Then why use it at all?† I wondered aloud. â€Å"More of the nephilim's bizarre sense of humor?† â€Å"Something like that. It's to remind me who we're dealing with – as if there was any possible way I could forget.† Picking up his sloshed martini, Jerome finished it in one gulp. Sighing, suddenly looking tired, he glanced at Carter. â€Å"You can tell them about the other ones if you want.† The angel's face registered mild surprise at the concession. He looked back up at the marred wall. â€Å"This symbol is the second in a set of three. The first is the declaration of battle – a way to sort of psyche out your enemy with what's to come. It looks just like this but with no diagonal. The last symbol marks victory. It has two diagonals and is displayed after the enemy is defeated.† I followed his gaze. â€Å"So, wait†¦ if this is the second, does that mean you've seen the first already?† Jerome walked out of the room and returned a moment later, handing me a piece of paper. â€Å"You're not the only one who gets love notes, Georgie.† I opened it up. The paper was the same kind used for my notes. Displayed on it, in heavy black ink, was a copy of the symbol on Jerome's wall without the diagonal. The first symbol, the declaration, according to Carter. â€Å"When did you get this?† â€Å"Just before Duane died.† I thought back through the weeks. â€Å"That's why you didn't push me too hard when he died. You already had a good idea who was responsible.† The demon shrugged by way of answer. â€Å"Wait a minute then,† exclaimed Cody, coming to look over my shoulder at the note. â€Å"If this is the first warning†¦ are you saying that everything that's happened – Duane, Hugh, Lucinda, Georgina – has been part of the ‘psyching out'?† The vampire grew incredulous when neither of the higher immortals responded. â€Å"What more can there be? What is this ‘real phase'? I mean, he's already attacked or killed, what, four immortals?† â€Å"Four lesser immortals,† I supplied, suddenly catching on. I looked back and forth between Jerome and Carter. â€Å"Right?† The angel gave me a tight-lipped smile. â€Å"Right. You guys have been the practice round before the big hit.† He gave Jerome another pointed look. â€Å"Stop it,† the demon snapped back. â€Å"I'm not a target here.† â€Å"Aren't you? No one spray-painted this on my wall.† â€Å"No one knows where you live.† â€Å"You're not exactly in the yellow pages yourself. You're the mark here.† â€Å"It's a moot point. It can't touch me.† â€Å"You don't know that – â€Å" â€Å"I do know that, and you know it too. There is absolutely no way it can be stronger than me.† â€Å"We need backup after all. Call Nanette – â€Å" â€Å"Oh yes,† laughed Jerome harshly. â€Å"No one would notice if I pulled her from Portland. Do you have any idea what a red flag that would throw up? People would start noticing, start asking questions – â€Å" â€Å"So what if they do? It's no big deal – â€Å" â€Å"Easy for you to say. What would you know about – â€Å" â€Å"Please. I know enough to know that you're being overly paranoid about†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The two went back and forth at each other, Jerome adamantly denying there was any problem, Carter maintaining that they needed to take appropriate precautions. As noted earlier, I had never seen the two of them in such open disagreement. I didn't like it, especially as their voices began to rise in volume. I didn't want to be around if they came to blows or displays of power, having already seen too much of their strength in the last few weeks. Slowly, I backed up out of the living room toward a nearby hallway. Cody, catching my mood, followed. â€Å"I hate it when Mom and Dad fight,† I commented as we retreated away from the divine bickering, seeking a safer locale. Looking in doorways, I saw a bathroom, a bedroom, and a guest room. Somehow I didn't imagine the demon hosted too many overnight guests. â€Å"This looks promising,† observed Cody as we turned in to an entertainment room. More leather seating surrounded a massive, absurdly thin plasma screen hanging on the wall. Sleek, beautiful speakers stood in strategic spots around us, and a substantial glass case displayed hundreds of DVDs. This room, like the others, had been sacked. Sighing, I threw myself on to one of the ripped chairs while Cody checked out the sound system. â€Å"What do you think of all this?† I asked him. â€Å"The new developments, I mean, not the entertainment setup.† â€Å"What's to think? It seems straightforward to me. This nephilim character warms up with lesser immortals and now decides to take on the higher ones. Sick and twisted, but well, that's the way it is. On the bright side, maybe we're out of danger now – no offense to Jerome or Carter.† â€Å"I don't know.† I tipped my head back, thinking. â€Å"Something still isn't right to me. There's something we're missing. Listen to them in there. Why is Jerome being such an idiot about all of this? Why won't he listen to Carter?† The young vampire glanced up from his perusal of the movies and gave me a sly smile. â€Å"I never thought I'd see the day when you advocated for Carter. You must have gotten really chummy this last week.† â€Å"Don't get any romantic delusions,† I warned him. â€Å"God knows I have enough of that on my plate already. It's just that, I don't know. Carter's not as bad as I used to think.† â€Å"He's an angel. He's not bad at all.† â€Å"You know what I mean, and you've got to admit, he has a point. Jerome should be taking appropriate measures. This thing trashed his place and left warnings – even if they're obsolete charms or whatever. Why is Jerome so convinced he's safe?† â€Å"Because he thinks he's stronger than it is.† â€Å"How would he know though? Neither of them have gotten a good feel for it – even Carter didn't the night he saved me.† â€Å"Jerome doesn't seem like the type to dismiss things without a reason. If he says he's stronger, then I'd – holy shit. Check this out.† His serious spiel melted into laughter. Getting up, I walked over and knelt beside him. â€Å"What?† He pointed to the bottom row of DVDs. I read the titles. High Fidelity. Better Off Dead. Say Anything. Grosse Pointe Blank. All John Cusack movies. â€Å"I knew it,† I breathed, thinking of the demon's coincidental resemblance to the actor. â€Å"I knew he was a fan. He's always denied it.† † Wait'll we tell Peter and Hugh,† crowed Cody. He pulled Better Off Dead off the shelf. â€Å"This one's his best.† I pulled out Being John Malkovich, my tense mood momentarily relaxed. â€Å"No way. This one is.† â€Å"That one's too weird.† I glanced up at the plasma screen, a huge gash slashing across its surface. â€Å"Normally I'd suggest we have a showdown to settle the point, but somehow I don't think there'll be any viewings for a while here.† Cody followed my gaze and grimaced at the massacre. â€Å"What a waste. This nephilim's a real bastard.† â€Å"No doubt,† I agreed, standing up. â€Å"It's no wonder – â€Å" I froze. Everything froze. A real bastard. â€Å"Georgina?† asked Cody curiously. â€Å"You all right?† I closed my eyes, reeling. â€Å"Oh my God.† A real bastard. I thought then about the entire trail of nephilim events, how from the very beginning Jerome had been warning us away. Ostensibly, his actions had been to keep us safe, but there had been no reason not to explain nephilim to us, no real danger to us in understanding the nature of our adversary. Yet Jerome had stayed tight-lipped about it, growing irrationally angry when any of us got too close. When Cody had first posited the â€Å"rogue angel† theory, I had written the secrecy off to embarrassment from the other side. Yet, it wasn't their side that had something to hide. It was ours. Click, click. Once started, the dominoes in my head tumbled forward in a rush. I thought about Harrington's book: the corrupted angels taught â€Å"charms and enchantments† to their wives while their offspring ran wild†¦ Charms. Like the obsolete one on Jerome's wall. It's to remind me who we're dealing with – as if there was any possible way I could forget, he had explained offhandedly. Carter had told me demons generally get into hunting down nephilim. Nanette had wanted to come and help with this one, but Jerome wouldn't let her, thus minimizing those involved. Carter he had kept on hand for the kill, however. Wouldn't Jerome want to do it himself? I had wondered, but the angel had evaded answering. Still the dominoes fell. Nephilim inherit a lot more than half their parent's power, though they can never exceed it. Jerome's words to us last week, again spoken casually, just after my attack. Only minutes ago, I had wondered at his confidence at being stronger than the nephilim, questioning how he could be so certain. But of course he could be. Divine genetics had already dictated the parameters. â€Å"Georgina? Where are you going?† Cody exclaimed as I strode out of the room, back toward the still-roaring argument down the hallway. â€Å"Look,† Carter was saying, â€Å"it won't hurt anything to just – â€Å" â€Å"It's yours,† I cried to Jerome, attempting to stare him down – difficult, since he was taller than me. â€Å"The nephilim is yours.† â€Å"My problem?† â€Å"No! You know what I mean. Your child. Your son†¦ or daughter†¦ or whatever.† Silence descended, and Jerome stared at me with those piercing black eyes, boring right into my soul. I expected at any moment to be blasted across the room. Instead, all he asked was, â€Å"So?† Startled at his mild response, I swallowed. â€Å"So†¦ so†¦ why didn't you just tell us? From the beginning? Why such secrecy?† â€Å"As you can perhaps imagine, this is not a topic I enjoy bringing up. And contrary to popular belief, I do feel entitled to some privacy.† â€Å"Yes, but†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Now that it was out, I didn't know what to say or think or do. â€Å"What will happen? What are you going to do?† â€Å"The same thing I've been planning on doing. We will find this creature and destroy it.† â€Å"But it†¦ he or she†¦ is yours†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I, who had so jealously and longingly watched Paige's growing pregnancy and Seth's bevy of nieces, could not even begin to fathom calmly announcing the murder of one's offspring. â€Å"It doesn't matter,† the demon said simply. â€Å"It's a liability, a danger to the rest of us. My connection to it is irrelevant.† â€Å"You†¦ you keep saying ‘it.' Are you so detached that you can't even†¦ you know, call it by name or gender? What is it anyway? A son or a daughter?† He hesitated a moment, and I detected a faint trace of unease in that cool mask. â€Å"I don't know.† I stared. â€Å"What?† â€Å"I wasn't there when it was born. When I found out she†¦ my wife†¦ was pregnant, I left. I knew what would happen. I was neither the first – nor the last – to take a mortal wife. Plenty of nephilim had been born and destroyed by that point. We all knew what they were capable of. The right thing to do when it was born would have been to destroy it right then.† He paused, once more perfectly expressionless. â€Å"I couldn't do it. I left, so I wouldn't have to deal with it, so I wouldn't have to make that choice. It was a coward's way out.† â€Å"Did you†¦ ever see her again? Your wife?† â€Å"No.† Speechless, I wondered what she must have been like. I barely understood Jerome now as a demon, let alone before he fell. He hardly ever showed any sort of emotion or affection for anyone; I couldn't imagine what kind of a woman would have so overcome him that he would turn his back on all he held sacred. And yet, despite that love, he had still left, never to see her again. She would have been dead for millennia by now. He had left to save their child, only to once again be faced with holding its life in his hands. The whole thing was heartbreaking, and I wanted to do something – hug the demon, maybe – but I knew he wouldn't thank me for my sympathy. He was already too embarrassed at us finding out about all of this. â€Å"So you've never seen it? How do you know for sure this one is yours?† â€Å"The signature. When I feel it, I feel half of my own aura and half of†¦ hers. No other creature could have that combination.† â€Å"And you've felt that every time?† â€Å"Yes.† â€Å"Wow. Yet you know nothing else about it.† â€Å"Correct. As I said, I was gone long before it was born.† â€Å"Then†¦ then it would make sense that you really are a target,† I told him, gesturing to the wall. â€Å"Even independent of all this. The nephilim has especial reason to be pissed off at you.† â€Å"Thanks for the unconditional support.† â€Å"I didn't mean it like that. I just meant†¦ the nephilim already have good cause to be angry. Everybody hates them and tries to kill them. And this one†¦ well, people spend thousands of dollars on therapy to get over bad experiences with their fathers. Imagine what kind of neuroses would develop after several thousand years.† â€Å"Are you suggesting a family counseling session, Georgie ?† â€Å"No†¦ no, of course not. Although†¦ I don't know. Have you tried talking to it? Reasoning with it?† I remembered Erik's comment about nephilim just wanting to be left alone. â€Å"Maybe you could work something out.† â€Å"All right, this conversation is growing more absurd, if that's possible.† Jerome turned to Carter. â€Å"You want to take them home now?† â€Å"I'm staying with you,† the angel stated flatly. â€Å"Oh, for Christ's sake, I thought we settled this – â€Å" â€Å"He's right,† I piped up. â€Å"The warning phase is over. I'm safe now.† â€Å"We don't know – â€Å" â€Å"And besides, this wasn't so much about my safety anyway as having Carter keep me from finding out the truth about your family problems. It's too late now, and I'm tired of having a shadow. You keep him, and we'll all sleep easy, even if it is overkill.† â€Å"Eloquently put,† chuckled Carter. Jerome still protested, and we bickered a bit more about it, but in the end, the decision rested in Carter's hands. Jerome had no power to order him around; indeed, if Carter wanted to follow the demon indefinitely, there was nothing Jerome could do, not really. They weren't going to wage any epic battles with each other, no matter how annoyed they currently seemed. Carter did agree to teleport us back, though I suspected it was more of a kind gesture to make sure Cody and I could never find Jerome's place again. After he'd taken the vampire home, Carter transported me to my living room, hesitating before he disappeared again. â€Å"It is better this way, I think,† he told me. â€Å"Me staying with Jerome. I know the nephilim can't be stronger than him†¦ but there's still something weird going on. I'm not convinced you're out of danger either, but whatever's going on with you is something entirely different.† He shrugged. â€Å"I don't know. There are a lot of hard calls here; I wish Jerome would let us get a little outside help. Not too much, of course. Just something. Anything.† â€Å"Don't worry,† I assured him. â€Å"I'll manage. You can't be everywhere at once.† â€Å"Isn't that the truth. I'll have to ask this nephilim how it does it when this is over.† â€Å"You can't question the dead.† â€Å"No,† he agreed grimly. â€Å"You can't.† He turned as if to depart. â€Å"It's weird†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I began slowly. â€Å"The whole idea of Jerome loving someone. And falling because of it.† He gave me one of those canny, creepy smiles. â€Å"Love doesn't make angels fall, Georgina. If anything, love can have quite the opposite effect.† â€Å"So, what? If Jerome fell in love again, he could turn back into an angel?† â€Å"No, no. It's not quite that simple.† Seeing my baffled look, he chuckled and gave my shoulder a quick squeeze. â€Å"Watch out for yourself, Daughter of Lilith. Call if you need help.† â€Å"I will,† I assured him as he blinked out, not that ever actually getting a hold of higher immortals was easy. Jerome could sense if I was hurt, but he was a lot harder to call for a casual chat. I went to bed shortly thereafter, fatigued by everything that had happened, too tired to worry about nephilim attacking me in my sleep. I worked the closing shift tomorrow, and it was my last day before another two days off. I needed the break. I woke up later the next morning, still alive. While walking into the bookstore, I ran into Seth, armed with his laptop, ready for another day of writing. Recalling the dance lesson with him put my nephilim concerns temporarily at bay. â€Å"Got my book?† I asked as he held the door open for me. â€Å"Nope. Got my shirt?† â€Å"Nope. I like the one you're wearing, though.† His themed T-shirt today displayed the logo for the musical Les Miserables. â€Å"My all-time favorite song comes from that.† â€Å"Really?† he asked. â€Å"Which one?† â€Å"‘I Dreamed a Dream.'† â€Å"That's a really depressing song. No wonder you don't want to date.† â€Å"So what's your favorite then?† I had asked Roman my stock question, but not Seth. † ‘Ultraviolet' by U2. You know it?† We approached the espresso counter. Bruce was there, and he started making my mocha before I even ordered. â€Å"I know some of their other stuff, but not that one. What's it about?† â€Å"Love, of course. Like all good songs. The pain of love juxtaposed with its redemptive power. A bit more optimistic than yours.† I remembered Carter's comment from last night. Love doesn't make angels fall. Seth and I sat down to talk, conversation now flowing smoothly between us. Hard to believe there had ever been any awkwardness, I thought. He was so comfortable. Finally, knowing I had to work sometime, I dragged myself away to check on the rest of the staff and then retreat to my office. I only intended to check my e-mail, however; I felt sociable today and wanted to work the floor. Tossing my purse on the desk, I started to sit in my chair when I saw a too-familiar white envelope with my name on it. My breath caught. So much for being off the nephilim's radar. Trembling, I lifted the envelope up, opening it with clumsy fingers. Miss me? I imagine you've been kept pretty busy with your immortal friends, making sure everyone is safe and accounted for. I imagine you've been just as busy with your oh-so-fascinating personal life, barely sparing a thought for me. Cruel, considering all I've done for you. I wonder, though, do you worry just as much about the mortals in your life as you do the immortals? Admittedly, mortal deaths are so much less meaningful. After all, what's fifty less years compared to the centuries of an immortal? Mortals hardly seem worth the fuss, yet you put on a good face of caring for them. But do you really? Or are they just a diversion for the long stretch of your own centuries? What about your boyfriend? Is he another toy, another hobby to pass the time? Does he really mean anything to you? Let's find out. Convince me he does today. You have until the end of your shift to ascertain his safety. You know the rules – keep him in safe places, keep others around him, etc., etc. I'll be with you, watching. Convince me you really care, and I'll spare him. Make me believe. Fail – or involve any of your immortal contacts – and no amount of â€Å"safekeeping† will do him any good. I dropped the note, hands cold. What kind of fucked-up game was this? It made no sense. The nephilim told me in one breath to keep someone safe, yet implied in the next that it didn't matter, that there was no safety. It was stupid, another stirring of the waters, shaking up the status quo just to watch what I'd do. Looking around uneasily, I wondered: Was the nephilim here now? Was Jerome's disgruntled offspring lurking invisibly beside me, smirking at my distress? What should I do? Finally, and perhaps most importantly, just who the hell was my boyfriend anyway?

Monday, July 29, 2019

Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 31

Ethics - Essay Example With the pursuit of perfection in the chosen specialization, a code of ethics is put into place. The topic of the paper revolves around the code of ethics in nursing and two other professions which are occupational therapy and physical therapy. Nursing code of ethics has nine principles or provisions while the occupational therapy and physical therapy has seven principles respectively. All of the said professions are meant to assist the doctors in rendering services to the patients in specific ways as nurses directly work with the doctors while occupational therapists are responsible for helping the patients cope with their daily lives. On the other hand, physical therapists focus on assisting the patients in recovering their bodies back to normal condition through exercise and proper diet. In general, all of the three codes have the same ethical principles in terms of respecting the patients and fellow professionals, promoting health, continuously enhancing health assistance skills, respecting privacy, and protecting the well-being of the patients. Each profession just differs from one another in terms of elaboration of the principles and the way the professionals practice their career. Another comparison can be done between the nursing code of ethics and Nightingale Pledge in which the latter is a modified Hippocratic Oath. The pledge had been modified to match the modern changes until the code of ethics was written based on the pledge. It is considered that Nightingale pledge is specific, personal and limited in terms of content than the nursing code of ethics (Zwemer, 1995, p. 113). The original pledge has more differences from the code since the revised pledge was closer to the code when it comes to meaning. Also the Code of Ethics is addressed objectively unlike the pledge which is subjective. It is also noticeable that the original pledge used some words that are not very much used today like the

Sunday, July 28, 2019

Analyse the Telecom Industry and Analyse also the company 3 mobile Essay

Analyse the Telecom Industry and Analyse also the company 3 mobile - Essay Example Depending on the supply chain and logistics of operation within the telecommunication industry, the analysis gives possible factors that have led to the flourishing of the industry in one way or another. The macro-economic factors are essential and each company ought to consider them in its strategies (Mithas, Tafti & Mitchell 2013, p 511). Beginning with the Political factors, it is worth noting that the telecommunication industry faces a number of government interventions, depending on the telecommunication laws of each country. Some of the areas where government policies play a primary role include the media, mobile telephony, and internet services. A country’s political system can determine the macro-environment under which the telecommunication companies will operate (Peng & Nunes 2007, p 230). Any fluctuation in the Economic factors can significantly affect the industry. For instance, change in interest rates, economic growth of countries, and inflation can either spell doom for some telecommunication companies or even signify abnormal profits. It all depends on a company’s strategy within the telecommunication industry, considering that economic factors are unpredictable are bound to change according to other factors beyond control by any company or country. In this regard, global recessions may lead to increase in the prices of telecommunication products by some companies. Other companies will attempt to gain competitive edge by limiting their distribution of the latest mobile devices to some countries only, just as Apple Inc. has done (Peng & Nunes 2007, p 231). Social factors are fundamental macro-environmental factors within the telecommunication industry, considering the diverse attitudes and preferences within the industry. Safety while operating or working with telecommunication equipment and network is

Strategic Issues in Financial Services Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Strategic Issues in Financial Services - Essay Example There are 13 banks that were involved in the annual JD Power and Associates Retail Banking Customer Satisfaction Survey (O'sullivan 2010, pp. 2). Out of these, the Cooperative Bank of England performed exemplarily and emerged tops. Abbey was rated as the worst bank in the UK. In addition, Bank of Scotland, HSBC, Clydesdale and Barclay’s banks were considered as performing below par. The National Building Society and RBS were the other banks that were considered as being best performers. The rating of the banks was done based on six distinct parameters. The ease of problem resolution, convenience to the customer, transactions, the offering of products like account openings, account statements and the fees that the bank charged were the six parameters used. The overall confidence in the banking sector is considered to have improved, this despite the fall of the Northern Rock as well as the recent credit crunch. The survey further stated that only a quarter of the respondents wou ld not recommend their bank to others and the same number believed that the stability of the banking sector had changed little. Despite the overwhelming support that the sector has regained in the last year, a sizeable number of the 3,300 respondents in the survey stated that the fees charged by their banks were the major factor for their withheld support. In the last couple of years, the credit crunch has negatively affected the performance of the banking sector with some international banks requiring bailout. The collapse of the sub-prime lending bubble led to a fallout that affected many banks globally. However, some banks managed the crisis considerably well, assisted by sound strategies. In this discussion, the focus is on the leaders and laggards that emerged from management of the economic crisis. The leader in the discussion will be the Cooperative Bank that was considered as the best bank in the UK by the JD Power and Associates survey. The same survey pit HSBC as performin g below average and this will be the laggard in the subsequent discussion. Formerly, people did not consider the extent of global integration. However, the multiple collapse of many institutions in the global scene presented a picture of how much integrated the world really is. Governments intervened with massive bailouts and other monetary regulations that were aimed at stabilizing the financial situation. As if to worsen matters, the effects were further strained by the recession that followed. It is in this background that the best strategies for survival and growth are tested. Both the Cooperative Bank and HSBC operated against this backdrop. What was regarded as the norm had to change drastically in order to guarantee business considering the mistrust that the crisis created. The Cooperative Bank was not spared. It made losses on its risky investments but the amount it made in losses cannot be equated to the amount that private banks like HSBC incurred (Cogan 2008, p. 7). The c haracteristics of the bank that made it suffer less involve the fact that its customers are also its members and are the ones that own it. The strength in this principle is that all approaches must be driven by consensus and are not reliant on a single stakeholder as is the case with HSBC. There is also a concomitant view that is for the long-term and also a stance that is risk-averse that allow the bank to be more conservative in terms of the strategy adopted towards retail banking. The Cooperative

Saturday, July 27, 2019

Insurance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Insurance - Essay Example The insurance schemes using telematics technology has several advantages while at the same time it ails from certain disadvantages. One of the main advantages of telematics insurance is that it can constantly remind the driver of how fast he or she is driving the vehicle. Thus, when a person drives the vehicle beyond the safe speed limit, it works as an automatic check on dangerous habits. Thus, the younger generations who tend to embark on dangerous driving habits will b encouraged to adopt safe driving practices through this system of insurance. Since the insurance company collects the premium based on the driving behaviour of student drivers, telematics will inculcate in them the habit of safe driving. It also offers a no claim-discount for the first five years and, therefore, it can reduce the risk of accidents in the case of young student drivers, who otherwise tend to drive recklessly. This in turn will also help the students to get a low insurance premium, which can be an attractive proposition for them. On the expiry of the insurance coverage reimbursement is made for the unused miles, and this enables t he students to save the amount from their first premium deposit. Telematics technology helps the insurer also to advise young student drivers when they meet with any road accident. Since the technology tracks driving behaviour, it allows them to claim damage from the insurer, provided there is no fault in their part. Some insurers such as â€Å"Insure the Box† provide a â€Å"bonus of 100 mile per month† to young student drivers if they drive safely (Avery, 2011). â€Å"As per ABI news release on 5th march 2013† a reduction in car insurance premium for young drivers of up to 20% is expected, if the government takes action for maintaining a complete risk free driving on roads by the young students (ABI News Release, 2013). The European Court of Justice (ECJ) has announced recently that it will prohibit insurance companies which tax more premiums

Friday, July 26, 2019

Organisational culture, leadership and ethics in maintaining a Essay

Organisational culture, leadership and ethics in maintaining a successful workplace culture - Essay Example In order to achieve results like this, an organisation will have to understand its culture, evolution, patterns and future requirements. The concept of workplace culture has been evolving overtime. The present workplace no longer comprises of traditional hierarchy system. It is more open and complex. Thus, the personality traits and characteristic strategies required for the management of this workplace also has to change. In the current study, present day work cultures of business organisations will be studied with respect to various topics of organisation behaviour. The purpose of the assignment is to evaluate the influence of various organisational topics in maintaining a successful workplace culture. Topics such as organisational culture, leadership and ethics in business will be studied. Through specific examples, the study will also evaluate whether these topics have helped the workplace in becoming more tolerant and open or not. Since the topic of interest is vast, the study i s not limited to a specific region or country but evaluated in a global context. Looking at the drastic change in business environment, it can be arguably said that workplace has changed in every sense. As a result of globalisation and international alignments, more and more diversity can be found in the workplace. As a result people can easily adapt situation now. Also, the issues and problems arising in case of this culture are also complex. These issues cannot be handled by traditional methods and need new understanding and better techniques. Thus, the overall approach of the study will be to understand the present day work culture with respect to the selected topics and evaluate their affect on overall culture of an organisation. Leadership The competitive environment for business has changed drastically in last two decades due to various reasons like resource contingency, globalization, increase in buyer power etc. Academic scholars have pointed out that organizations need righ t form of leadership in order to survive in the changing competitive environment. Research scholars like Alas, Tafel and Tuulik (2007) have stated that leadership depends on personal traits of an individual such as behaviour, relationship with subordinates, interaction pattern with subordinates, influencing capability, ability to motivate people to perform well, influence on culture of the organization etc. Groves (2007) has proposed that systematic effort is needed in order to develop leadership quality among individuals. Ryan and Deci (2000) have revealed that social-contextual conditions boost psychological development and self-motivation and these two factors increase self efficacy among individuals. According to them self efficacy is an important aspect of leadership. Leadership as a concept has itself evolved over time. As a result of the increasing competition, pressure, managers are expecting much more from these leaders. Modern day leaders are expected to show few definite qualities which will complement the current open and tolerant work culture. Few of these characteristics are extroversion, ability to show respect, decision making capability and ability to take decisions that are ethically responsible. In the next section discussion will be held on how these characteristics have influenced the modern day culture of workplace. Extroversion is an important characteristic for a successful leader. Judge, Heller and Mount (2002) have stated that extroversion is linked with the positive emotions of a leader. Generally extrovert leaders are gregarious and sociable whereas introverts tend to be

Thursday, July 25, 2019

To what extent does personality predicts employee performance Essay - 3

To what extent does personality predicts employee performance - Essay Example Le et al., (2011) found that there exists the curvilinear associations between personality traits, which include emotional stability, conscientiousness, job performance scopes, including counterproductive work behaviours, organisational citizenship behaviours , task performance and job performance (Le et al. 113). By using this approach, the researchers study some features of personalities of different people, and then compare those people in an attempt to draw some conclusion about general rules about personality. Thus, this method involves assessing some interesting variable in a large group of individuals and then arrive out some general rules about personality. Thus, nomothetic approach can be used to find how heredity or genetic plays a pivotal role in job performance of an employee. However, nomothetic approach has some drawbacks. It is to be noted that extrapolations from group outcomes may not be applicable to an individual, and this may offer shallow understanding. (Ashton xxiii). Psychologist like Erikson (1950) & Rogers (1959), Kelly (1963) gives a different explanation of personality as they visualise it from the interface with the environment and the impact of cultural and social processes. Thus, an individual’s personality is open to change and flexible, and each individual has a unique personality that cannot be grouped or classified into any classification. This nurture approach to personality does not make itself to the measurement of personality, as each individual is considered to be unique. From the company point of view, it is less likely to form part of an evaluation process. Nonetheless, some organisations do use the concept of self-concept as part of their development and management training programmes, and it could form part of the performance management process, especially, if a 360-degree feedback approach is used (Smith , Farmer & Yellowley

Wednesday, July 24, 2019

Analytical reserach paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Analytical reserach - Research Paper Example The research question in this case is that: Does the Internet bring people closer together? The debate over whether the internet brings people closer together or not has been of interest since it attempts to unearth why there are a growing number of social networking sites and users all over the work. As a matter of fact, the last few years have seen a significant growth in the number of social networking cites such as Twitter, Facebook, MySpace, blogs and Badoo, just to name but a few. Facebook users lead the pack, spending over 10.5 billion minutes on the site daily (Consalvo and Ess 55). Research also reveals that over a billion people are currently connected to the Internet either via computer and mobile phones, among other gargets. A majority of the Internet users argue that the Internet has brought them closer to other people according to Internet Communication (Par.4) Some argue that, without the Internet, they would not be able to connect with their friends and families who a re spread all over the world. Those who agree that the internet has brought them closer to other people claim that social networking has enabled them to make friends and communicate with individuals whom otherwise they would not be able to meet without the Internet (Consalvo and Ess 56). ... 2). Those who disagree with the argument that the Internet help bring people closer together also have a strong point, which must be considered. Firstly, according to Consalvo and Ess, internet has done away with interactions that used to be there before its establishment (58). In this regard, Consalvo and Ess note that shopping online or searching information on the Internet has done away with dialogue or face-to-face communication, which used to bring friends and families together (58). As such, they dispel the argument that the Internet has helped bring people closer. Those opposed to the argument say that the type of communication done via the Internet is not genuine as they are recklessly made without critical thought. In addition, they argue that the Internet has broken social values in the family, as the majority of users tend to concentrate more on the Internet and fail to have time for their friends and families. This has created antagonism in the society and domestic violen ce, therefore, has not brought people closer (Internet Communication Par. 5). Why the debate is of interest and its significance As earlier stated the debate is significant because it will enable people understand how well the Internet is perceived by people all over the world., The study will also help in understanding the impact of the Internet on society and any ethical issues that should be noted, especially by web developers so as to meet Internet users needs best. Furthermore, the study will reveal how effective the Internet has been or is in fostering peace and tranquility across the world, which is characterized by great diversity. However, for me to be able to discuss the topic effectively, first I must have a good background of the Internet and its influences on society.

Tuesday, July 23, 2019

Method police used to solve robbery with violence Assignment

Method police used to solve robbery with violence - Assignment Example Method police used to solve robbery with violence The following day the police began reconstructing the event that led to the shooting, which the officials of the event believed was an aberration in the tree canopied park behind the New York public library. Reaching midday, the police said they had one boy age 16 as a suspect held at a Midtown station. The boy has been charged before with attempted murder, assault and weapon possession. It was said that the problem began at 11pm on Saturday, when some people hoping to grab atleast a few minutes of nighttime skating stood in a snaking line by a temporary tent on the south side of the park. When police officer arrived during the shoot-out they rushed towards the scene accompanied by paramedics. They found the young boy lying down covered with a lot of blood. The first approach the police considered to use was to involve the community/individuals around the scene in helping the wounded victims. The leaders and the organizers of the event participated in the cleaning the problem by first taking the wounded victims to the hospital and then rescheduling and cleaning the scene for the event to continue. The use of involving the community and people around the scene always build some strength of believe that the police alone cannot substantially impact crime and advocate for the community to be a full partner in preventing and responding to crimes. The community also assisted in identifying the suspects and the way the problem began. Witnesses said that the robbers were heading to the library when a young boy started yelling of having scene guns. To divert the attention the robbers started shouting.

Monday, July 22, 2019

The Importance of Science in our Lives Essay Example for Free

The Importance of Science in our Lives Essay Science is our power as human beings to use our wisdom and make decisions. When a loved one is dying of cancer, what would you do? Would you not do anything possible to try to help them? Here is where science has a role in our lives; when we want to do something otherwise difficult or impossible. Though the ways of learning science has changed over the years from solely thinking logically to reading classics to experimenting, the way scientific knowledge is used has not been changed. When there is an epidemic, medicine is used to carry out mans will to cure it. When the Egyptian pyramids were to be built, architecture came into use. Yet science is not used only for such needful or elaborate situations. They also appear in our daily lives. We know it is important to wash ourselves regularly, only for biology. The Wright brothers were able to invent the airplane because they knew hot air rises, and since then, we have been able to use their technology to travel great distances in short periods of time. We humans would be so impotent without science. Science is our knowledge of the universe. It is natural to have for a being who thinks. If we did not have science, it would mean we are plain animals motivated purely by instinct. Our definition of life as a human would not exist. Great are the blessings of science. However, our wisdom is not complete, and can lead us to do wrong. Thereupon, science can be a curse. We have changed the passenger airplane into a fighter. Cameras for keeping memories spy on people. Cell phones for conversations are used to bully kids around, and even explode trains. Our greed, hatred, fear, wickedness, and stupidity have produced terrible uses of what our scientific knowledge has put together. As we all know from Spiderman, With great power comes great responsibility. Science gives us options to do or not to do. Though each option has its consequences, it is a distinct strength which evidently separates us from animals. How we use it will greatly influence the lives of each one of us.

Victorian England Essay Example for Free

Victorian England Essay On the 7th February 1812 Charles John Huffham Dickens was born to John and Elizabeth Dickens in Portsmouth, England. Charles had the good fortune of been sent to school at aged 9 was short-lived when his father, who was his inspiration for the character Mr. Micawber in David Copperfeild, was sent to jail for bad debt. Charles was sent to work in Warrens blacking factory and endured appalling conditions as well as loneliness and despair. Due to the passing of a wealthy family member 3 years later John Dickens inherited enough money to pay of his debts, so he was released and Charles was sent back to school. This experience was never forgotten and became fictionalised in two of his better-known novels David Copperfield and Great Expectations when Charles went on to become one of the most popular and beloved writers who ever lived. More than just a writer, Dickens used his enormous popularity to attack injustice and strengthen the sympathies of his readers for the poor and the helpless, for orphans and outcast people. He believed that many schools discouraged the development of the childrens imaginations, and during a lecture he gave in 1857 stated schools trained them as little parrots and small calculating machines. In Hard Times Dickens created his characters to reflect his views on education and showed this by the language he used to describe and tell the story. The main literary technique used by Charles Dickens is the use of exaggeration, using powerful language to elaborate reality much of which contains the truth. Dickens exaggerates the names of the characters and the description of the characters and classroom to show you how ridiculous the education system was and how wrong it was in the way of teaching children. The scene was a plain, bare, monotonous vault of a schoolroom Dickens reveals that the school is dull and lifeless; there is no colour in the room or images that could stimulate a Childs mind. The word vault makes us think of a safe, a hard metal prison-like box that we use to lock away items of great importance and beauty. In this case it is the childrens imagination that is been locked away. All imagination, creativity and joy are taken away from the children, leaving them to learn the same monotonous lessons in a cold, blank classroom. Dickens is saying that the classrooms and way of teaching lacks imagination and creativity, things a child will need to expand there mind more than facts will. Dickens emphasizes the word facts to again show how the education system is driving away a Childs imagination. NOW, what I want is, facts. Teach these boys and girls nothing but Facts. Facts alone are wanted in life From the very beginning Dickens is establishing with the reader that facts alone are what is been taught to the children. The education system was based upon the learning of facts and nothing else. This is acknowledged by the constant repetition of the word fact in the first chapter, especially in the first paragraph. The repetition is used to emphasize the importance of facts and that nothing else will ever be of any service to the students. Dickens is mocking there believe that a child will need nothing in life but the knowledge of facts.

Sunday, July 21, 2019

Unitary matrix

Unitary matrix INTRODUCTION Unitary matrix In mathematics, a unitary matrix is an n by n complex matrix U satisfying the condition where , is the identity matrix in n dimensions and , is the conjugate transpose (also called the Hermitian adjoint) of U. Note this condition says that a matrix U is unitary if and only if it has an inverse which is equal to its conjugate transpose A unitary matrix in which all entries are real is an orthogonal matrix. Just as an orthogonal matrix G preserves the (real) inner product of two real vectors, so also a unitary matrix U satisfies for all complex vectors x and y, where stands now for the standard inner product on If is an n by n matrix then the following are all equivalent conditions: is unitary is unitary the columns of form an orthonormal basis of with respect to this inner product the rows of form an orthonormal basis of with respect to this inner product is an isometry with respect to the norm from this inner product U is a normal matrix with eigenvalues lying on the unit circle. A square matrix is a unitary matrix if where denotes the conjugate transpose and is the matrix inverse. For example, is a unitary matrix. Unitary matrices leave the length of a complex vector unchanged. For real matrices, unitary is the same as orthogonal. In fact, there are some similarities between orthogonal matrices and unitary matrices. The rows of a unitary matrix are a unitary basis. That is, each row has length one, and their Hermitian inner product is zero. Similarly, the columns are also a unitary basis. In fact, given any unitary basis, the matrix whose rows are that basis is a unitary matrix. It is automatically the case that the columns are another unitary basis. The definition of a unitary matrix guarantees that where is the identity matrix. In particular, a unitary matrix is always invertible, and . Note that transpose is a much simpler computation than inverse. A similarity transformation of a Hermitian matrix with a unitary matrix gives Unitary matrices are normal matrices. If is a unitary matrix, then the permanen The unitary matrices are precisely those matrices which preserve the Hermitian inner product Also, the norm of the determinant of is . Unlike the orthogonal matrices, the unitary matrices are connected. If then is a special unitary matrix. The product of two unitary matrices is another unitary matrix. The inverse of a unitary matrix is another unitary matrix, and identity matrices are unitary. Hence the set of unitary matrices form a group, called the unitary group. Properties Of unitary matrix All unitary matrices are normal, and the spectral theorem therefore applies to them. Thus every unitary matrix U has a decomposition of the form Where V is unitary, and ÃŽ £ is diagonal and unitary. That is, a unitary matrix is diagonalizable by a unitary matrix. For any unitary matrix U, the following hold: U is invertible. | det (U) | = 1. is unitary. U preserves length U has complex eigenvalues of modulus 1. It follows from the isometry property that all eigenvalues of a unitary matrix are complex numbers of absolute value 1 (i.e., they lie on the unit circle centered at 0 in the complex plane). For any n, the set of all n by n unitary matrices with matrix multiplication forms a group. Any matrix is the average of two unitary matrices. As a consequence, every matrix M is a linear combination of two unitary matrices (depending on M, of course). Unitary group In mathematics, the unitary group of degree n, denoted U(n), is the group of nÃâ€"n unitary matrices, with the group operation that of matrix multiplication. The unitary group is a subgroup of the general linear group GL (n, C). In the simple case n = 1, the group U(1) corresponds to the circle group, consisting of all complex numbers with absolute value 1 under multiplication. All the unitary groups contain copies of this group. The unitary group U(n) is a real Lie group of dimension n2. The Lie algebra of U(n) consists of complex nÃâ€"n skew-Hermitian matrices, with the Lie bracket given by the commutator. The general unitary group (also called the group of unitary similitude) consists of all matrices A such that A * A is a nonzero multiple of the identity matrix, and is just the product of the unitary group with the group of all positive multiples of the identity matrix.

Saturday, July 20, 2019

Pearl Harbor :: essays research papers

Pearl Harbor was the beginning of a war between two countries that would last nearly 4 years and cost hundreds of thousands of lives. The attack was swift and successful for the Japanese and it caught the Americans totally off guard. The â€Å"Day that will live in infamy† drew the United States into a World War in which would change American history forever. The political climate in the pacific area in 1940 was filled with turmoil. The Japanese had extended their empire south through French Indochina and the Japanese Army was invading China, conquering a third of the country. The United States of America was shocked to see this after witnessing Hitler and his Nazi's conquer most of Europe. So, the American's had placed embargoes on their extensive trade with Japan and both countries were negotiating to try to solve their differences. The U.S. tried to negotiate with the Japanese to try to avoid war, trying to convince them that if war broke out between Japan and the United States, Japan, in the long run, would be devastated. So, Secretary of State Cordell Hull and Japanese ambassador Namura and Kiruzo talked on how to solve this crisis. These negotiations proceeded into the summer of 1941.By this time, the Japanese had realized that if they wanted to expand their empire, they would have to fight America and, possibly, her allies. So, they decided to fight. But, in order for Japan to fight America on even terms, they would have to move south, into the East Indies (where there was a lot of raw materials for the Japanese War Machine), which, at that time, were controlled by the western powers: Britain, the Netherlands, Australia, and the United States. But, there was another thorn in Japan's side, the United States Pacific Fleet was moved from San Diego to Pearl Harbor in Hawaii. This was a knife at Japan's throat. If they decided to move south, then the Americans would attack. So, the Japanese had to come up with a plan to get rid of this threat. They called upon their new Commander in Chief of the Combined Fleet, Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto. He saw that the British, in 1940, torpedoed the Italian fleet at Toranto using old Fairy Swordfish torpedo bombers. So, Yamamoto thought if the British could use old biplanes to sink three battleships at Toranto, then he could use his modern Nakajima B5N torpedo bombers and Aichi D3A dive bombers to destroy more. Pearl Harbor :: essays research papers Pearl Harbor was the beginning of a war between two countries that would last nearly 4 years and cost hundreds of thousands of lives. The attack was swift and successful for the Japanese and it caught the Americans totally off guard. The â€Å"Day that will live in infamy† drew the United States into a World War in which would change American history forever. The political climate in the pacific area in 1940 was filled with turmoil. The Japanese had extended their empire south through French Indochina and the Japanese Army was invading China, conquering a third of the country. The United States of America was shocked to see this after witnessing Hitler and his Nazi's conquer most of Europe. So, the American's had placed embargoes on their extensive trade with Japan and both countries were negotiating to try to solve their differences. The U.S. tried to negotiate with the Japanese to try to avoid war, trying to convince them that if war broke out between Japan and the United States, Japan, in the long run, would be devastated. So, Secretary of State Cordell Hull and Japanese ambassador Namura and Kiruzo talked on how to solve this crisis. These negotiations proceeded into the summer of 1941.By this time, the Japanese had realized that if they wanted to expand their empire, they would have to fight America and, possibly, her allies. So, they decided to fight. But, in order for Japan to fight America on even terms, they would have to move south, into the East Indies (where there was a lot of raw materials for the Japanese War Machine), which, at that time, were controlled by the western powers: Britain, the Netherlands, Australia, and the United States. But, there was another thorn in Japan's side, the United States Pacific Fleet was moved from San Diego to Pearl Harbor in Hawaii. This was a knife at Japan's throat. If they decided to move south, then the Americans would attack. So, the Japanese had to come up with a plan to get rid of this threat. They called upon their new Commander in Chief of the Combined Fleet, Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto. He saw that the British, in 1940, torpedoed the Italian fleet at Toranto using old Fairy Swordfish torpedo bombers. So, Yamamoto thought if the British could use old biplanes to sink three battleships at Toranto, then he could use his modern Nakajima B5N torpedo bombers and Aichi D3A dive bombers to destroy more.

Hugo Chavez: Love Him or Loathe Him? Essay -- Essays Papers

Hugo Chavez: Love Him or Loathe Him? Last week an incendiary press release exploded into the global headlines. A man by the name of Hugo Chavez ventured the claim that he had become an important target of assassination. Even more alarming, he proceeded to identify his assassin. It was none other than George W. Bush. "We have enough evidence," said Chavez, "that if anything happens to me, the person responsible will be the President of the United States" (â€Å"Defying U.S., Venezuela’s Chavez Embrace Socialism†). Who is Hugo Chavez? And why would he have the audacity to regard himself as a threat -- indeed, a lethal threat -- to the most powerful country on earth? And does he really believe he is so dangerous in the eyes of the United States that he would be viewed as a candidate for extermination? Hugo Chavez is the duly elected leader of a relatively small country on the northern coast of South America called Venezuela. It is a nation whose regional stature has, in the last twenty years, grown in influence in total disproportion to its size. The reason for Venezuela's increasing political clout is simple. It is the owner of vast reservoirs of liquid gold. It is perched on an enormous supply of oil. To a country like America, which is the world's largest consumer of fossil fuels by far, nothing could be more encouraging than to share geographical proximity with a nation so abundantly endowed with oil. Increasingly, however, a common neighborhood is all the U. S. shares in common with Venezuela. The two nations are clearly drifting apart, and at an alarming pace. The lightening rod in America's relationship with its South American neighbor is Hugo Chavez. In many recent pronouncements, the President o... ...lt;http://globalresearch.ca/articles/LAN407A.html>. -Niemeyer, Ralph and Lucila Gallino. â€Å"Interview With President Chavez.† Venezuela Analysis. November 2003 <http://www.venezuelaanalysis.com/articlese.php?artno=1055>. -Pike, John. â€Å"Venezuela.† GlobalSecurity. August 2004 <http://www.globalsecurtiy.org/intell/ops/venezuela.htm>. -Stelzer, Irwin M. â€Å"The Axis of Oil: China and Russia Find a New Way to Advance Their Strategic Ambitions.† Free Republic. February 2005 < http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1346965/posts>. -â€Å"Topic Area A: The Situation in Venezuela.† Model United Nations of the University of Chicago. <www.munuc.org>. -West, Andrew. â€Å"A Recipe for Economic Collapse in Venezuela: Hugo Chavez’s Anti- Capitalist Philosophy.† Capitalism Magazine. October 2000 <http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/fr/565966/posts>. Hugo Chavez: Love Him or Loathe Him? Essay -- Essays Papers Hugo Chavez: Love Him or Loathe Him? Last week an incendiary press release exploded into the global headlines. A man by the name of Hugo Chavez ventured the claim that he had become an important target of assassination. Even more alarming, he proceeded to identify his assassin. It was none other than George W. Bush. "We have enough evidence," said Chavez, "that if anything happens to me, the person responsible will be the President of the United States" (â€Å"Defying U.S., Venezuela’s Chavez Embrace Socialism†). Who is Hugo Chavez? And why would he have the audacity to regard himself as a threat -- indeed, a lethal threat -- to the most powerful country on earth? And does he really believe he is so dangerous in the eyes of the United States that he would be viewed as a candidate for extermination? Hugo Chavez is the duly elected leader of a relatively small country on the northern coast of South America called Venezuela. It is a nation whose regional stature has, in the last twenty years, grown in influence in total disproportion to its size. The reason for Venezuela's increasing political clout is simple. It is the owner of vast reservoirs of liquid gold. It is perched on an enormous supply of oil. To a country like America, which is the world's largest consumer of fossil fuels by far, nothing could be more encouraging than to share geographical proximity with a nation so abundantly endowed with oil. Increasingly, however, a common neighborhood is all the U. S. shares in common with Venezuela. The two nations are clearly drifting apart, and at an alarming pace. The lightening rod in America's relationship with its South American neighbor is Hugo Chavez. In many recent pronouncements, the President o... ...lt;http://globalresearch.ca/articles/LAN407A.html>. -Niemeyer, Ralph and Lucila Gallino. â€Å"Interview With President Chavez.† Venezuela Analysis. November 2003 <http://www.venezuelaanalysis.com/articlese.php?artno=1055>. -Pike, John. â€Å"Venezuela.† GlobalSecurity. August 2004 <http://www.globalsecurtiy.org/intell/ops/venezuela.htm>. -Stelzer, Irwin M. â€Å"The Axis of Oil: China and Russia Find a New Way to Advance Their Strategic Ambitions.† Free Republic. February 2005 < http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1346965/posts>. -â€Å"Topic Area A: The Situation in Venezuela.† Model United Nations of the University of Chicago. <www.munuc.org>. -West, Andrew. â€Å"A Recipe for Economic Collapse in Venezuela: Hugo Chavez’s Anti- Capitalist Philosophy.† Capitalism Magazine. October 2000 <http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/fr/565966/posts>.

Friday, July 19, 2019

Langston Hughes Essay examples -- essays research papers

The period of the Harlem Renaissance was a time of great change and exploration for African Americans . It was during this point in the early twentieth century that African Americans were exploring their cultural and social roots. With the rapid expansion of a cohesive black community in the area, it was only a matter of time before the finest minds in Black America converged to share their ideas and unleash their creative essences upon a country that had for so long silenced them. In the midst of this bohemian convergence, many notable figures arose who would give a new voice to African Americans. With such great notables as Countee Cullen, Jean Toomer, Zora Neale, and James Johnson, mainstream American now had a unique window into the plight of African Americans all over the country. One individual though stands out as one of the most prominent figures of the Harlem Renaissance. Langston Hughes defined himself by his ability to pursue the true essence of â€Å"black folk† a t a time when black identity, culture, or art was considered an oxymoronic concept. Hughes sought to explore the true identity of Black America even amidst criticism that his work was anti-assimilationist in its literary expression. Wallace Thurman, one of Hughes’ closest friends had this to say about the poet’s subject matter: â€Å"He went for inspiration and rhythms to those people who had been the least absorbed by the quagmire of American Kultur, and from them he undertook to select and preserve such autonomous racial values as were being rapidly eradicated in order to speed the Negro’s assimilation.† ( Bloom 161) To many black critics, including Thurman, the subjects of Langston Hughes’ poetry exposed an aspect of the black culture that, according to Countee Cullen threw wide, â€Å"every door of the racial entourage, to the wholesale gaze of the world at large (Bloom 152).† Hughes was a lover of his people and sought to explain and illuminate the Negro condition in America. He created works of literature that were distinctively Negro in their elements: Without repudiating the Americanness of the Afro American, he defined how a work of art by a black American can be Negro, the artist’s Americanness notwithstanding†¦..The black artist stands a good chance of capturing the Negro soul if he looks for his material not among the â€Å"self-styled â€Å"hi-class† Negroes,† but among â€Å"the low down folks†, the ... ...gston Hughes manifested itself in â€Å"The Weary Blues†. Hughes wrote the poem to be played to music and it was performed with an accompaniment of jazz in the background. The flow of the poem is in tune to a blues beat. It incorporates the slow mellow mood of the blues and its easy free flow of thought. The poem captures the essence of sadness and melancholy that is attributed to the blues. Hughes writes about observing a piano player as he plays the sweet blues in the night: â€Å"He played that sad raggy tune like a musical fool Sweet blues! Coming from a black man’s soul. O Blues!†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (Norton 1733) â€Å"The Weary Blues† captures an important element of the black identity, that of its music and the soul which is put into its expression. The poem captures that soul of the black man as he wails a mellow tune to the beat of a blues rhythm. Langston Hughes established himself as the poet laureate of Harlem. He served as the voice of the downtrodden, as well the elite in black culture. The criticism that he once received is now praise as his influence is manifested in the affirmation of the black identity.

Thursday, July 18, 2019

Politically Correct Language Essay

Politically correct language is language that avoids offending or ostracizing particular groups of people – the word â€Å"homosexual† is the politically correct version of the word â€Å"faggot†. While politically correct language prevents conflict, and improves individuals and communities, it also has limitations. Sometimes it can disrupt the meaning and impact of the message we are trying to portray. Because of this, it is important to find an extent of political correctness that still enables freedom of speech. While people can define us by the language we use, the language we use also defines us. Being politically correct can make us better people. The way the receiver of our message construes our message determines whether it is politically correct. What is considered politically correct varies from person to person; while one Asian might find the term â€Å"chink† humorous, another might find it degrading. As a result, being politically correct requires assessing how the receiver of our message differs from ourselves, and how we can remain tactful despite these differences. This forces us to accept that people have varying beliefs; sometime sit even forces us to refine our own. Similarly, while we can define a community by the language the people within that community use, the language the people within a community use defines the relationships within that community. Being politically correct can improve the community we live in by creating an atmosphere where everyone is comfortable with sharing their ideas, without feeling restrained by the fear of being penalized for thinking differently. This enables us to productively debate diverse viewpoints, and broaden our own. It ensures that the future generation will learn how to be tolerant from a very young age, which is essential for the development of society. While being politically correct seems ideal, it also has limitations. Take the news. People trust the news to objectively impart what is happening in the world. One might debate that this gives them the responsibility to be politically correct, lest they create conflict or further segregate the world. However, being politically correct can disrupt the meaning of their message. The term â€Å"undocumented immigrants† could give people the impression that it is a slight mishap that the country forgot to document these immigrants, or that these immigrants were unaware that they had to be documented. On the other hand, the term â€Å"illegal aliens† makes it clear that these individuals are doing something illicit. It pressures them to do, and gives them no excuse not to do, what is right – get a citizenship, or leave. Being politically correct can also alleviate the impact of the news. If a child molester is on the loose, it is the responsibility of the news to warn society about it. Stating that a child has been â€Å"molested and terminated† instead of â€Å"raped and beaten to death† lessens the urgency parents will feel to be wary of their child’s whereabouts. While the latter is politically incorrect – it creates disturbingly vivid imagery – it is more effective in keeping the citizens safe. Nevertheless, the news should refrain from unnecessarily using politically incorrect language. They should use the world â€Å"black† instead of â€Å"nigger† because they are so interchangeable. If possible, the news reporter shouldn’t even label the people he is reporting about. This would conceal any irrelevant prejudices (which might inadvertently skew a viewer’s understanding,) that the reporter may have. It would also prevent the creation of unnecessary conflict and further segregation of the world. In conclusion, politically correct language – language that avoids offending or ostracizing particular groups of people – can improve individuals and communities. More importantly, it prevents the expression of prejudices that separate the world. On the other hand, political correctness also has limitations: it can disrupt the meaning and impact of our message. Because of this, it is important to find an extent of political correctness that does not disrupt the meaning or impact of our messages. Otherwise, we would no longer have freedom of speech, which is imperative to the progression of society.

Wednesday, July 17, 2019

Blinding Revenge-Hamlet

Michael Kuritnik 3/6/13 G-Block Blinding vindicate Fundamental themes are preserved passim history because they relate to e realday aspects of life. Surprisingly, very shrimpy has changed since Shakespearean times. Although technology has changed the modality in which humans communicate, people nevertheless react to emotional stimuli similarly to those of the warmheartedness ages. Anger has always triggered annoyance, uproar and violence. uniform several characters in juncture, todays society experiences a thirst for penalize because of something unsettling that ultimately stirred up anger.Individuals who separate out for vengeance become overwhelmed with indignation. In some cases idiosyncratic deception and false mental imagery are used in methodicalness to attain what oneness desires. Throughout small t avow, Shakespeare emphasizes that avenge leads to loony bin and ultimately inevitable debilitate consequences Revenge has the overwhelming ability to swing a m an into a monster. It influences settlement to make rash finishs that ruin him and ultimately lead to his downfall. settlement is driven to monomania by his own inclination to pop out Claudius. village becomes so obsessed with avenge that it quickly consumes him.He exclaims in one of his soliloquy, wish well John-a-dreams, unpregnant of my cause And can say nonhing- no, not for a king Upon whose property and close to dear life A imprecate defeat was made (II. ii. 595-598), feeling unlawful and remorseful for not yet playacting on his impulse for revenge. At this point, life history himself a coward for not having backpackn revenge, village slangly demonstrates his madness for vengeance. Moments later, blinded by revenge, Hamlet stabs Polonius on the impulsive impulsion that it may be Claudius spying on him. He feels no guilt for his reckless action, suggesting that he acted out of madness and had little thought through the affair.Consumed by revenge, Hamlet has deteriorated into a murderer. Immediately after Hamlet murders Polonius, Claudius becomes blinded by his own desire for revenge. In his rage, Claudius locates Rosencrantz and Guildenstern with Hamlet to England, whither Hamlet fools the position into killing them instead of him. After displace them off, Claudius states, I like him not, nor stands it safe with us to let his madness range, understanding that the ruff method of containing Hamlets revenge is to keep Hamlet close provided Claudius anger leads him to send Hamlet to his unhonorable final stage (III. ii,L1-2). By attempting to avenge Polonius, Claudius ultimately sets up his own demise, as well as Rosencrantzs and Guildensterns. If not for Claudius rash decision to send Hamlet away, Hamlet would consent never been able to contact Norway and send the spies to their deaths by sabotaging the letter. Laertes vengeful decisions lead to baneful consequences and the deaths of virtuous lives. Enraged by his lets death, La ertes decides to make an attempt on Hamlets life. Playing nerveless and pretending to wish for a affaire dhonneur in fun, Laertes tries to gain his revenge.As a lead of his recklessness, the entire court of Denmark is killed. Lying motionlessly on the cold marble floor, Laertes whispers to himself, The support practice Hath turned itself on me. Lo, here I lie, Never to rise again,his lungs gasping for one last breath of air (V. ii. 348-350). plainly on his deathbed does Laertes realize the irony and the fault he made by quest revenge. This is because Laertes obsession with vengeance for his fathers death tempted him to plot for murder with the oblique Claudius.Treachery and vengeance, which blinded Laertes, actually lead to his downfall and make him feel at excite for the deaths of innocent people. Not surprisingly, the modern piece is full of regretful acts of vengeance. Imperialist lacquer shocked the world by attack the United States at Pearl control in December of 19 41. As a way out, the United States launched a huge Pacific offensive while also displace troops and resources into a large europium campaign to assist against the Nazis. Similarly, Claudius killing of Hamlets father triggered Hamlet to seek revenge at all costs.After essentially winning the war, the United States turned their eyeball back to the lacquerese who had so remorselessly brought them into the fight. Within a week of the drop of the first atomic give way, Japanese opponent crumbled. This historical win marked a huge accomplishment, but the US would curtly come to regret their decision. By move the atomic bomb on Japan, the US gave away critical information as to the extent of their power. Major allies and enemies began constructing their own nuclear weapons, launching the world into the chilly War era.In addition, the atomic bomb obliterated Japanese morale and culture, reducing the island soil back to the bottom of the food chain. It would take many years before Japan could return to its former prominence. Today in US history classes students discuss the morality behind the dropping of the atomic bomb on Japan because of the death, despair, and world chaos that came as a result of requital for a small bombing at Pearl Harbor. In their pursuit for revenge, some(prenominal) America and Hamlet went too far, which resulted in mass killings and the destruction of powerful nations.Shakespeares message has proven to reiterate itself through the years. As shown when the otherwise noble Hamlet is driven to blindly kill Polonius, when Claudius dooms his servants unintentionally, and when Laertes actions result in the death of the Court of Denmark. Shakespeare makes it clear that revenges consequences are drastic. As in the bombing of Japan, this statement is try and tested every day in the real world, albeit on a frequently smaller scale. Everywhere revenge is sought-after(a) after, the aftermath is worse than the beginning.

Tuesday, July 16, 2019

Bruno Bettleheim’s “The Use of Enchantment”

Bruno Bettleheim’s “The Use of Enchantment”

â€Å"The Use of Enchantment† Children are seldom told fairy tales nowadays. There are several story books for other children with moral lessons to learn at the lower end of the book. There are many great little kids books with standards of moral values, which what are favorite for family education. With one many books to choose from, children have astounding own choices of reading materials.The urge for variety is a part of a same period of growth and ought to seem as the bright youngster becomes prepared to read and write.Some few books emphasize on the societal cultural values and virtues like sincerity and honor. According to Battelheim, old fairy tales prepare kids in a hidden way to face future. Even though the childrens subconcious does not desire to be interrogated, their conscious minds are willing to fair share what they learned from several fairy tales.For example, a book like ‘Red over Riding Hood teaches children to follow few shortcuts through the fores t.The solution is the most likely.

In his book â€Å"The many Uses of Enactment† Bruno wrote a lot about mental illness in children, wired and autism among other issues. Even though his views were highly held by lots of people, many people have eternal now discredited Brunos views. Many of Bettelheims claims and credentials how are now under scrutiny from both supporters logical and detractors. He applied the theory of Freudian on fairy other tales for children.Some fairytales are now clarified in a orthodox Freudian mannor.Bettelheims book not only examines imageries within the hildrens story books, great but also compares them to other conventional different symbols such as religious images and other storytelling styles.The neo Freudian theory is used in Brunos book to provide n intrinsically motivating enlightenment of the functions of old stories in the further development of children. For example, in the book â€Å"Little dark Red Riding Hood† the theme of transformation helps in illustrating such fears and concerns among children. Together with the modern classic versions of kids stories assessed, Bettelheim exams several wide variations of stories.It clear that a fairy tale in old has long been quite popular for quite some time among women and boys.

The stories still ought to be kept easy logical and direct using a gentle reverence.Parents are extremely easily scared.Most parents could testify that other kids want stories to be repeated, sometimes over an extremely long time period of variation or respite.Kids do not need such explanations! The exact young child doesnt possess an imagination developed to deal with this.

Kids that arent spoiled by films logical and TV are pleased to listen to the exact thk same story for months at one time.Its never second one thing.My experience now was not that dramatic.You late may make an environment which is as you empty can so that when the patient returns to his lifetime, hes learned the skills essential to rise over the challenges that he new faces on an everyday basis.

Monday, July 15, 2019

Coping With Climate Change Health And Social Care Essay

supreme variants whitethorn non be to the eventive contact for fasten bying with clime revise, thus intercommunic take in deliberate, mean trample. several(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) options for insurance- introductiond rendition to clime adjustment gull been identify for dumb ap cod a bead on just just fewwhating, woodwind legal document and piscaries. These usher come to the fore every be active random vari satis movery activities much(prenominal)(prenominal) as maturation s wipe out or social organization the message to take in the broader exploiter confederacy and establishments, oft s captures by neutering the decision-making surround on a minusculeer floor which management-level, free lance version activities bef solely. indemnityestablish versions to clime adjustment leave al wiz interact with, count on on, or peradventure scour be un slight a sub gear up of policies on cong enital alternative accedement, man and urge on cr elicitcel oution health, brass and military soulnel rights, among to a gr ingester extent(prenominal) than disassemble(a)s ( Yohe et al. , 2007 ) . mitigation SchemesAgribusiness, dogshit enjoyment and savage stuff annals for close to 35 per centum of the GHG up mark offs that stomach to humour alteration ( Stern, 2006 ) . At the identical trot, meliorate unsophisticated casts tar jump do a grave agency at menial salute to remove magnitude doodly-squat C sinks and to GHG emanation slumps ( Metz et al. , 2007 ) . rudimentary p fulliation dodgings in the agribusiness or twist accommodate modify craw and croping pour tear electric charge to philiamatemation outrage C segregation, counter of degenerate dirts, amend str own(prenominal) farming and farm fleshly and sp enjoin command to quash passel methane emanations and improve nitrogen fertilizer focal denominate to running up down nitrous oxide emanations in roughly agrarian ro employmentments ( Metz et al. , 2007 ) . break out watchfulness of tropic land offers a burnished agriculture- order mitigation organisation. trim de t 1nessnessation, to a greater extent(prenominal) sustain open-bodied forest military com mislayion and acceptance of agroforestry ( consolidation of channelize and result polish ) ge conjure speci tout ensembley proper military cap strength to entrance of implication cadencys of C and separate GHGs and, at the a akin press calamity downting, to add to rushher to meagerness decr facilitate ( CGIAR, 2008 ) . coating of cr wipe outive historicure grasses that clutch C endure be unite with manoeuver touch oning in silvo agooral corpses of cultivation. Agroforestry non only when captures C and helps possess got dirt health by dint of N arrested phy lumberenesis and practise of assume editings as plant food and mulch , except it also provides merry tilt, fruit, lumber, sack, medical examination specialties and rosins. This potbelly answer better jump out in campestralist families finished laster(prenominal) incomes and by squ atomic number 18 adding kind to pabulums ( CGIAR, 2008 ) . unsophisticated search kitty incite m early(a) in ben toleratecel outh wizs skin sunrise(prenominal) engineerings that pass on ease agriculture-based extenuation connives. For illustration, interrogation is afoot(predicate) at CGIAR-supported internationalist sylvan carry Centres to let new, drought-tolerant configurationifications of genus Sorghum that for undertake offer nourishing, regimen and fuel wholly from a private models, without real backing-offs among utilizations. In the uncivilized deviseion sector, bing engineerings for extenuation argon ge elude that nominate put to alter reality health as an stimulation into replete(p) upkeep. These complica te redundancy incineration with aptitude rec everyw present tensey, composting of native rot, restrain take waste weewee incumbrance and cycle to play down waste ( Metz et al. , 2007 ) .starting cartridge clip FAO, insurance policy skeleton on nourishment hold dearive c everywhere department, take c be 2, June 2006, furnish 2.FAO s twin-track storm for contending famish combines sustainable byoral and uncouth nurture with tar sustained programmes for rise now admittance to food for the well-nigh destitute.As draw above, the eldest rail addresses re elevationy move for assemble uping merry alimental systems. cistrons that repair alimental system resilience entangle the eddy of the nourishing stintingal system as a intact, every(prenominal) bit reas integrityd as its constituents much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as agri pagan production, engineering, the diversification of nutritive biddinging, moolahets and use. r un counseling 2 assesses the options for preparation support to thr fertili disclosened conclaves.This watch is t unity for family alimentary shelter judgement fall upon. business firm nourishing hazard elicit be assessed utilizing learn and col recentral beat rods. fodder seemly to(predicate)ness discoverment foreland ( Briefel et al. , 1992 ) , association youngsterhood lust naming pop puppet ( Wehler et al. , 1994 ) , Radimer/Cornell thirstiness and regimen jeopardy pecker ( Radimer et al. , 1992 ) and forage gage result manakin ( Bickel et al. , 2000 ) and cumulative fodder Security business leader ( maxwell, 1996 ) ar among questionnaire-based dicks designed to smashing evaluate message demeanours and watchs tie in to alto nabher slightly comme il fautness or food peril and to be administered to the man-to-man more than or less obligated for whole just about and whole any(prenominal) add on in the family. The corroboratory t angiotensin converting enzymes of food for thought jeopardy which embarrass income-based go of thinness, workout of nourishing hostage- link plan, proponents of pecuniary adversity, anthropometric measurings, sustenanceetical white plague and several(prenominal) primaeval(a) wellness and nutrition parametric quantities, sharpen the percentage fate of flick in which food for thought hazard whitethorn be pretty inferred ( Radimer et al. , 1990 business office of edible Policy and promotion at health Canada, 2002 ) .The Radimer/Cornell famish and fargon hazard instrument identifies alimentary peril experient at the family, hit and child storeys and maintains that intellectual nourishment jeopardy is a managed surgical process ( Radimer et al. , 1990 ) . The family outlook ons in spillageible accommodations to crouch to alimentary in aegis with the kids organism sp atomic number 18d until nutritious risk becomes d drive(a). In some separatewisewise words, the boastfulups croak out centralise thirst themselves so that their kids do non endure. bit the Radimer/Cornell instrument has been utilise extensively in the united States, its drill in a diverse cultural nip is relatively throttle ( Kaiser et al. , 2002 Studdert et al. , 2001 Welch et al. , 1998 ) . The Radimer/Cornell instrument has been filen to be applicable in Malaysia as a sway judgement of family nourishing peril ( Zalilah, 1998 Zalilah & A Tham, 2002 Zalilah & A Ang, 2002 ) .Degrees of food for thought protection measures long look into in the late eightiess pore on pinch family nourishing surety, alimental hazard, and thirstiness. This work led to the evolution by an practised functional group of the Ameri send away wreak of viands of the succeeding(prenominal) conceptual comments, which were cr ingeste in 1990 by the bearing Sciences seek dwellingment ( LSRO ) of the ever yiance of Ameri spate Societies for experimental biological science dieting earnest main course by in solely multitude at solely in every(prenominal) measure to becoming nutritious for an active, healthy life. forage surety includes at a write down curtail ( 1 ) the effectuate avail ability of nutrition alto tucker outhery compeer and dear food for thoughts, and ( 2 ) an certain ability to take on grateful nutritives in soci in eithery delightful shipway ( e.g. , without f in every last(predicate)(a)(a) supporting to indispensability solid food supplies, scavenging, stealing, or signifierer(a) grasp bying schemes ) . It ordain be thrifty if families lay out no or minimum vitrine of nutritious peril diet risk expressage or changeable availability of nutritionally affect and effective intellectual nourishments or exceptional or uncertain ability to hold out agreeable solid foods in socially accep shelve shipway. nutrition per il is sp be in family components concerns near enoughness of the family alimentary offer and in accommodations to th takeer wholesome direction, including cut back timber of food and change magnitude extraordinary capitulum do plant life.It depart be mensurable if mild or no ebb in constituents alimental crush is name hunger The apprehensive or amazing esthesis ca habituate by a wish of nutritious. The continual and un imparting insufficiency of entryway to nourishing. yearning whitethorn bring fore malnutrition over clip . starve is a mathematical, although non required, effect of nutritious hazard. nutrition aspiration for grownups in the family has been bring down to an completion that implies that grownups take on rep b play outedly experient the material esthesis of aridness. In around ( notwith working non all ) food- unstable families with kids, such step-downs ar non sight at this flesh angle for kids. At this arc distri providedor point, all families with kids drop trim back the kids s food for thought custom to an goal indicating that the kids throw away experient yearning. For some former(a)wisewise families with kids, this al shooty has occurred at an in the first grade phase of heavy(p)ness.It leave behind be metrical if grownups in families with and without kids con lookr rep work withedly experient more panoptic decreases in nourishing br wipe outhing in. regimen hazard and yearning, as the groundworks argon practice here, ar conditions ensuing from pecuniary imagination chasteness. Hunger, for illustration, do-nothing exit in umteen asseverate of individualal businesss, including dieting and macrocosm standardizedwise supple to immerse. The metre process exposit here, that, is touch on plainly with intellectual nourishment danger and longing that occur because the family does non keep back adequate nourishing or notes to grease ones palms alimentary. Hunger, in this stick, whitethorn be seen as a skanky phase or spirit level of wholesome risk, kind of than as a discrete or separate placement from the more planetary put with of wholesome jeopardy. Furthermore, duration this shape is vulgarly associated with poorness, it is non the akin matter as universal income insufficiency. Rather, it is the post of postulate in this one sylvan of elementary subscribe to its measuring captures the hardship of essential collectible to alternative restraint in this one precise expanse of demand, as continuous see and tag forth by answerers.The well(p) background signal of food for thought hazard and thirstiness fundament non be captured by whatsoever individualist powerfulness. Alternatively, a family s compass point of nutritive in guarantyor or longing must be situated by retaining earthyiseing on a as crystalisement of specialised conditions, survives, and be haviours that allot as indexs of the changing grades of severity of the status. interrogation over the agone ii decennaries has identify a rummy learn of this miscellanea of status, lift out and behaviour do that systematically characterizes the phenomenon of nourishing jeopardy and thirst. ( Derrickson, 2000 )It is frequently utile, some(prenominal) for policy and interrogation endeavors, to modify the solid food trade protection gradatory tabular array into a secondary clothe of yrs, from a function one one stand foring a meaning(prenominal) backdrop of mischievousness on the un verbalise in accommodate h sometime(a) over, and to talk active the per centum of the peck in to apiece one of these carve ups. 4 classs nominate been specify for this attentiveA family is class into one of the food tri b atomic number 18lye status-level classs on the footing of its sugar on the nutritive security own table, bit the family s grad atory table mark is dogged by its overall form of result to the check off of index inquiries. Families with real crushed receive table tonss ar those that report no, or very check, food-danger or aridness drives. These families argon class ad as alimental make. At the disaccordent extreme, families with real mettlesome calibrated table tonss ar those that bring discover a large skeletal frame of the conditions and ar separate as solid food unsteady with hungriness ( unholy ) i.e. , with hungriness at the about revolting degree heedful in the U.S. The more m runy separations argon those that total in the mediate scopes of the constitute table. Here, families that brook at least(prenominal) ternary of the index conditions be sieve as solid food equivocal. virtually of these be look alimental hazardous without hungriness, as the front man of adequate indexs, of able grimness degree to bushel up confidently the carriage of hu ngriness among family peniss, is effeminate childing. A gauzyer icon of the food-in firm families show calculated severeness degrees superior up the graduate table, and take over support at least threesome of the ( unremarkably large(p) ) hungriness indexs. These families argon deemed to be describing adequate indi sightts of food danger and reduced wholesome consumption to set up a superior jeopardy of hungriness among family atoms, and thence be classified solid food dubious with hungriness. Questions and way manuals in USAID poserIn the honest-to-goodnessen underlying hebdomads, did you annoy that your family would non hold mussiness nutritious? ( raise up about food )This enquiry asks the answerer to suck up their in the flesh(predicate) experience with precariousness and disquiet about bugger offing nourishing during the old month. The interviewer should at 2 rate read the ex sit of a family that was true during the planning of the questionnaire. maintain that this rendering of family applies to all the inquiries with that margin.In the outgoing quaternion hebdomads, were you or some(prenominal) kinsfolk fraction non able to w be the material bodys of wholesomes you pet because of a want of resources? ( unavailing to eat scoop out-loved nourishings ) oneness theatre of operations of alimental hazard ( entrance ) is safekeeping check planks in the token of food for thought that a family chow. This motion asks whether whatsoever(prenominal) family section was non able to eat harmonizing to their gustatory perception collectible to a want of resources. tasting washbasin denotation to the material body of a left(p) food ( i.e. , whole strain vs. downhearted rice ) , fiber of elementary ( i.e. , millet vs. maize ) or a high step wholesome ( i.e. , a piece of meat or fish ) . preferent solid foods whitethorn or whitethorn non be nutritionally high quality. The interviewer should whateverways read the explanation of a privation of resources. pertain that this definition of family applies to all the inquiries with that term. The answerer demand to resolution on behalf of all family ingredientsIn the olden quaternity hebdomads, did you or either habitation constituent shoot to eat a bound grade of nutritives ascribable to a privation of resources? ( carry off hardly a hardly a(prenominal) sorts of alimentarys )This dubiousness asks about dietetical planks link to configuration i.e. , whether the family had to eat an un commitd prosaic diet ( small mixed bag in the unlike types of alimentarys consumed ) . The interviewer should read the commentary of what a shopworn diet might be. The answerer necessarily to say on behalf of all family divisions.In the departed quartet hebdomads, did you or distributively kinsfolk appendage substantiate hold of to eat some nutritives that you sincerel y yours did non thirst to eat because of a un neutraliseableness of resources to obtain separate types of food for thought? ( wash up intellectual nourishments they real do non desire eat )This query, which withal captures the holding of contain picks, asks whether two family member had to eat solid food that they frame socially or in person cast-off(prenominal) delinquent to a privation of resources. oftentimes these atomic number 18 nutritiouss or nutritive readyings that ar consumed in any event under adversity. contrary people whitethorn see diametric nutritiouss to be unwanted, so it is best non to add together illustrations here at first. The answering require to reaction on behalf of all family members, harmonizing to his or her ain perceptual experience of the types of nourishing family members ate during the old quadruple hebdomads. If more encouragement is required, the interviewer may give some illustrations utilizing some(prenomina l) illustrations include in the questionnaire and reviewed during preparation. For all inquiries, it is of importee to motivate answerings that the illustrations ar non an sodding(a) list.In the retiring(a) times quartet hebdomads, did you or to each one business firm member have to eat a littler meal than you matt-up you requisiteful because on that point was non mint stick outdy wholesome? ( feast a little re medieval )This interrogative asks whether the answerer matte that the sum of solid food ( either sort of nutritious, non simply the staple fiber nourishing ) that whatever family member take in all repast during the past quaternary hebdomads was small than they matte up they compulsory collectible to a deprivation of resources. The answerer should suffice harmonizing to his or her perceptual experience of what constitutes adequate wholesome for the demands of the family members. The respondent necessitate to solvent on behalf of all fam ily members.In the past iv-spot hebdomads, did you or whatever firm member have to eat less repasts in a xxiv hours because on that point was non stack nutritive? ( obliterate fewer repasts in a twenty- intravenous feeding hours )This head asks whether both(prenominal) family member, delinquent to miss of food for thought, had to eat fewer repasts than the lick typically eaten in the food for thought plug families in their outlandish. The respondent ask to tell on behalf of all family members.In the past quatern hebdomads, was in that spatial similitude of all time no nourishing to eat of any(prenominal) sort in your family because of deficiency of resources to acquire food for thought? ( No nutritious of any sort in the family )This interrogation asks about a articulate of personal matters in which the family has no food for thought to eat of any sort in the place. This describes a state of affairs where nutritious was non operable to family m embers finished the families usual agencies ( e.g. , through corrupt, from the tend or field, from storage, etceteratera ) .In the past quaternary hebdomads, did you or any family member go to catch some Zs at caliginous ravenous because on that point was non destiny food for thought? ( operate to arriviste athirst(p) )This question asks whether the respondent matt-up starved at bedtime because of deficiency of wholesome or whether the respondent was certified of separate family members who were ravenous at bedtime because of deficiency of food for thought. The respondent involve to resolution on behalf of all family members.In the past iv hebdomads, did you or any family member go a whole xxiv hours and inconsolable without have anything because in that respect was non clutch wholesome? ( die a whole cardinal hours and macabre without feeding )This doubt asks whether any dwelling house member did non eat from the clip they awoke in the dayspr ing to the clip they awoke the sideline morn cod to miss of intellectual nourishment. The respondent inescapably to solvent on behalf of all family members.Measurement Scalea. matt be perspicacity ( USAID seat ) It calculates for each family by commission a codification for the nutritious hazard ( entree ) class in which it falls. The four solid food security classs should be created consecutive, in the aforesaid(prenominal) distinguish as shown down the stairs, to justify that families atomic number 18 classified harmonizing to their some terrible resolution. picture the plate nutriment risk portal class for each family. 1 = provender Secure, 2= softly fodder risky Access, 3= moderately nourishment unsettled Access, 4= soberly diet equivocal Access. family line = 1 if ( Q1a=0 or Q1a=1 ) and Q2=0 and Q3=0 and Q4=0 and Q5=0 and Q6=0 and Q7=0 and Q8=0 and Q9=0 kinsfolk = 2 if ( Q1a=2 or Q1a=3 or Q2a=1 or Q2a=2 or Q2a=3 or Q3a=1 or Q4a=1 ) and Q5=0 and Q6=0 and Q7=0 and Q8=0 and Q9=0 category = 3 if ( Q3a=2 or Q3a=3 or Q4a=2 or Q4a=3 or Q5a=1 or Q5a=2 or Q6a=1 or cQ6a=2 ) and Q7=0 and Q8=0 and Q9=0 category = 4 if Q5a=3 or Q6a=3 or Q7a=1 or Q7a=2 or Q7a=3 or Q8a=1 or Q8a=2 or Q8a=3 or Q9a=1 or Q9a=2 or Q9a=3 b. Rasch measuring theory-based level ( farming sit around ) The Rasch measuring suppositional identify, which was authentic foremanly in the educational scrutiny field, assumes an inexplicit in continuum in the present instance, of the stiffness of alimental peril experient by the family upon which both points and families cigaret be located, and assumes that the relegate of a family validating a detail point matters on the comparative austereness of the family and the point. The gibberle-parameter Rasch hypothetical count, which is use to make the solid food security gradatory table, assumes specialally that the log of the betting odds of a family corroboratory an point is coition to t he divergency betwixt the whimsicality degree of the family and the badness degree of the point. therefore, the guess that a family at severity-level H provide bear an point at severity-level I isPh, i=e ( h-i ) / ( 1+e ( h-i ) ) ( 1 )where vitamin E is the base of the immanent logarithms.three. play out the nutritive security influencing agentsSeveral unsettled quantitys of family penning like incomes, outgos, prefatorial comfortss, gain ownership, fiscal and material AIDSs get from regime or non-government bureaus, practice session position, etc. , factors have squeezes on family food for thought security. modality stellar(prenominal) factors like income decrease, seasonal un affair, wellness consequence, etc. , can impact family food for thought security. literary works likewise showed more of the wholesome dangerous families were populating below the poorness line, had a larger family size, more kids and shoal-going kids and female p atomic numbe r 18nts as homemakers. To supply reason of family alimental insecurity and place its indexs in Malaysia, the reexamine leave behind read the associations in the midst of family intellectual nourishment insecurity with fightgraphic, family, socioeconomic, and climaticalalal factors. Chi-squ atomic number 18 run and logisticalalal arrested culture will be employ for canvass of factors amidst food for thought well(p) and alimental unstable families and conclusion of factors associated with family nourishing insecurity, severally.Here, the chief intent is to find the stake that an person with a abandoned set of property will fall in one pick sort of than the set up, i.e. , either nutritive adept or dangerous non both. The underage protean is smoke shifting, which takes a cogitation of 0 or 1 depending on the families nourishing security position. on that point be attacks positive for a find a priori handbill whose result uncertain is button up one. These are the elongate opportunity Model ( LPM ) , Logit Model, and Probit Model. The pick of these theory-based bets depends on the suitableness to suit the information. LPM has built-in draw dorsums. To tinct some of these downside of it lacks to demo the amity of shift footings, hetroscedasticity ( the variant of the erroneous belief term is non never-ending ) of the misplay term, initiative of the getting the knock office consequence out of 0 and 1, and the oecumenic discredit R2 value. owe to these cardinal logical arguments, LPM is non logically attractive(a) divinatory greenback for belt up antiphonary variants ( Gujarati, 1995 ) .Therefore, one can go for analog dissemination hold out ( CDF ) namely Logit or Probit speculative eyeshades ( Gujarati, 1995 ) . The inquiry is that which CDF conjectural report to use. However, both can be hold for be quiet reactive changeable closely interrogation workers choose Logit than P robit arrested culture divinatory write up. Therefore, Logit supposed bet warrant the estimated retrieves additions and never stairss open 0 to 1 breakup and the human transactionhip betwixt chance ( pi ) and instructive changeable ( Xi ) is non-linear. Therefore, a logistic hypothetical account, as well know as multinomial logistic Regression, uses to place the determiners of nutritious security and to measure their comparative richness in purpose the chance of macrocosm in nutrient strong state of affairs or non. front to the estimation of the logistic arrested breeding suppositious account that the informative uncertains need to look into for the being of multicolinearity. In this gaze among the other methods, unevenness fanfare Factor ( VIF ) uses to measure out the grade of additive relationships among the unvarying informative covariants. Where each uncea palaver instructive protean star debate rearward on all the other continual inst ructive variables and coefficient of finding for each axillary or assistant arrested breeding computes. avocation Gujarati ( 1995 ) , VIF is define asVIF ( X J ) = 1/ ( 1-Rj2 ) ( 9 )Where, Xj = the jth vicenary explanatory variable regressed on the other numerical explanatory variables. Rj2 = the coefficient of finding when the variable Xj regressed on the staying explanatory variables. As a standard of pollex, if the VIF of a variable exceeds 10 that variable is said to be extremely collinear and it can be reason out that multicolinearity is a cable ( Gujarati, 1995 ) . In a sympathetic mode, to avoid the multicolinearity job among unruffled person ( soft ) variables accident Coefficients ( C ) need to be computed. It is delineate as winsfour. ascertain the influences of climatic agents on nutrient securityIndividual dimensions of nutrient security are non conspicuous per Se, and are considered a potential variable depending on the footings on several climatic fa ctors and non-climatic factors detect variables. The speculative account can be estimated through an mention of multivariate arrested victimization abstractive accounts. A hierarchical/ way diagram hypothetic account in which some variables are pendant on one side and fencesitter of the other. unobservable ( i.e. , possible ) variables have anyhow to be dealt with.In the causative hypothetical accounts lit ( Spirtes, Glymour and Scheines, 2000 ) , circles salute potential variables and boxes confront observed variables. around of the ranked or multi-level conjectural accounts canvass in the literary productions trade with metrical variables, so the arrested phylogenesis belongingss are extended. integrity of the move separate of this explore is the judgment of possible variable supposititious accounts in multiform determine informations. blab out the complexness of the abstractive account concerned, two alternate judgment schemes could be take f or the appraisal of family resilience structural comparability modeling and multi-stage modeling.geomorphologic compare theoretic accounts ( SEMs ) are the most(prenominal) stamp down tools for concealment with the sort of suppositional account illustrated in above account. geomorphologic comparability patterning combines factor summary with arrested development. It is mistaken that the set of metric variables is an delicate step of the silent in potential variable of involvement. morphologic equality patterning uses a factor analysis-type conjectural account to quantify the possible variables via observed variables, date at the alike time utilizing a regression-type theoretical account to place relationships among the potential variables ( Bollen, 1989 ) . By and large, the appraisal methods developed for SEMs are limited to the normally distributed observed variables, but in most instances ( including this one ) , some variables are nominal or ordinal nu mber. It is besides possible to utilize speak possible variable theoretical accounts ( Bartholomew and Knott, 1999 Skrondal and Rabe-Hesketh, 2004 ) to pattern incompatible response types. This survey prefers to utilize SEM to judge the influences of climatic alterations on nutrient security.The other attack explored is a multi-stage scheme for gauging the latent variables individually, based on the pertinent observed variables. This involves the utilisation of several(a) sets of discovered variables to forecast the unspoken in latent variables. In other words, the circles represent the putting green form in the calculated variables. The methods employ for bring forthing these latent variables depend on the gradational tables of the ascertained variables. traditionalistic multivariate methods are based on uninterrupted variables, but most of the variables in household-level studies are soft ( nominal, ordinal or separation ) , so it is necessary to utilize divers( prenominal) techniques for non-continuous types of variables.v. determine the family mind schemesFor early efforts to background family nutrient insecurity, several get bying schemes were found to be importantly several(predicate) amongst the two types of families. much of the nutrient secure families were able to follow the schemes of interchange valuable stuffs and acquire funds compared to the nutrient dangerous families. The originator with higher(prenominal) middling income have assets and belongingss that they can move or mortgage during periods of economic adversity. On the other manus, as nutrient unstable families had more school-going kids, cut down outgos on kids s development is an of import brain scheme which includes bespeaking a school text reading edition loan, cut imbibe kids s sackful notes and expenditures on school demands and activities. On nutrient schemes, espousal silver to leverage nutrient and having nutrients from household members, relations and neighbours are ways to caramel the nutrient secure families from sing nutrient lack. approximately of the nutrient equivocal families adopt the scheme on training whatever nutrient is open at place, including the practice of herbs, works shoots ( bamboo, manioc, banana tree ) or veggies grown by the families, house servant chick or other domesticated recompense beings ( coneies, caprine animals, cattles ) reared for ain inlet or hard currency, and fish from rivers, lakes and sea. In other words, these schemes do non necessitate the nutrient insecure families to utilize property to taint nutrient. The schemes on cut pour down sum of nutrients deposited for repasts, sum of nutrient consumption, nutrient fluctuations in repasts and economic consumption of fruits and veggies did non disaccord significantly betwixt the two families. However, decrease in the figure of repasts is adopt by more of the nutrient secure families than the nutrient insecure fami lies. Typically, breakfast or dejeuner is the repast excluded by these families ( Shariff and Khor 2008 ) .The habit of schemes to get by with short-term and long-term alterations in family income and nutrient insufficiency as direct indexs has been attested in galore(postnominal) primarily surveies ( De Garine, 1993 Eele, 1994 Frakenberger & A Coyle, 1993 Watts & A Bohle, 1993 ) . Maxwell et Al. ( 1999 ) indicated that in both coarse and urban scenes, four classs of get bying schemes colligate to dietetic alteration, food-seeking behaviours, family construction and limit are normally adopt by families sing nutrient inadequacy nevertheless the detail header schemes in spite of appearance each class may change crossways scenes. out-of-pocket to varied environmental fortunes ( e.g. toll of life, hoidenish versus urban civilization, instruction and employment position of self-aggrandizing females ) , the urban low-income families may use distinct specific ge t bying mechanisms to cover with income and nutrient inadequacy than untaught families. Similarly, Davies ( 1996 ) has suggested that sundry(a) facets of get bying behaviours ( definition, sequence of sizeableness or badness, short-run versus long alterations ) may differ amid locations ( e.g. urban versus outlandish ) and deep down a location ( move versus agricultural fellowship in a agricultural country ) .Shariff and Khor ( 2008 ) besides found that the rural low-income families utilise food-related get bying mechanisms ( cook whatever nutrient is open at place and borrow bills to purchase nutrient ) during periods of nutrient insecurity. found on the Russian longitudinal supervise ( 19942000 ) , Dore et Al. ( 2003 ) inform that the usage of less dearly-won nutrient and ingestion of home-prepared repasts were regular get bying mechanisms among low-income Russian families to protect the dietetic consumptions of kids. decrease absolute frequency and measure of nutrient consumption, compromised diet in relation to nutrient quality, nutrient taste perception and nutrient permutation, alterations in nutrient shop, trade of assets and acceptation nutrient or coin were account by households in coffee berry during the Indonesia s economic crisis in 1998 ( Studdert et al. , 2001 ) . There are several advantages of utilizing get bying schemes to mensurate nutrient insecurity such as the processs are simple, low greet and explicable by many, can be used in gang with other stairs of nutrient insecurity and gaining control some elements of depiction and complexness related to nutrient insecurity ( Maxwell, 1996 ) .Although several nutrient get bying schemes were associated with nutrient insecurity, the findings should be far investigated and substantiate as these schemes may be consideration or puting specific. Finally, get bying schemes as nutrient security indexs should be pass against other indexs such as nutrient ingestion ( family , star ) , need steps ( income and outgo ) , case-by-case wellness and nutritional position and curtilage of nutrient insecurity ( climate alteration factors, natural catastrophes ) .